In February 2025, RTM announced a planned digital revamp of its online streaming service, RTMKlik, aiming to compete with regional OTT platforms. The upgrade is expected to include a new user interface, multilingual content indexing, and improved mobile access.

Media assets

Television: TV1, TV2, TV Okey, Berita RTM, Sukan RTM, TV6, Dewan Rakyat, Dewan Negara

Radio: National- Radio Klasik, Nasional FM, Asyik FM, TraXX FM, Ai FM, Minnal FM; Regional- KL FM, Selangor FM, Sabah V FM, Sarawak FM, Labuan FM, Kedah FM, Kelantan FM, Terengganu FM, Pahang FM, Johor FM, Negeri FM, Perak FM, Mutiara FM, Perlis FM, Melaka FM, Sabah FM; Local- Wai FM, Red FM, Langkawi FM, Limbang FM, Miri FM, Sri Aman FM, Bintulu FM, Sibu FM, Sandakan FM, Tawau FM, Keningau FM

State Media Matrix Typology

State-Controlled (SC)

Ownership and governance

RTM functions as a government department under the purview of the Ministry of Communications and Digital (previously Ministry of Communications and Multimedia). The broadcaster is governed by the Communications and Multimedia Act 1998 (locally referred to as the Broadcasting Act), which replaced earlier legislation.

Under this framework, the Ministry retains the power to appoint RTM’s Director-General and senior leadership, with all major strategic decisions closely coordinated with ministry officials. RTM’s headquarters is housed within Angkasapuri, a sprawling government media complex in Kuala Lumpur that also accommodates several other media and regulatory bodies.

RTM’s Director-General as of June 2025 is Datuk Suhaimi Sulaiman, a veteran media strategist and former TV personality, appointed in 2023. His leadership has been marked by a push to modernize RTM’s visual branding and increase youth-oriented programming across TV Okey and the Nasional FM radio network.

Source of funding and budget

RTM is primarily funded through allocations from the federal government, as part of the national budget. While the broadcaster does generate supplementary income through advertising sales and corporate sponsorships, all such revenues are required to be transferred to the government’s consolidated fund. RTM does not retain commercial income for operational autonomy.

According to the Ministry of Communications’ annual financial report, RTM’s allocated budget for 2022 was MYR 322.7 million (approx. USD 71.7 million).

Editorial independence

RTM’s editorial line is closely aligned with government policy, reflecting its institutional role as a department within the Ministry. The broadcaster is tasked with disseminating and promoting official government narratives, including public service campaigns, policy announcements, and national unity messaging. This function is explicitly outlined in the Ministry’s mandate and reinforced through routine ministerial oversight.

The Broadcasting Act of 1988—still considered the bedrock of Malaysia’s broadcast regulation—provides the executive with sweeping powers over content, licensing, and station operations. Interviews conducted with local media experts and RTM journalists in March 2024 and in May 2025 confirmed that government officials routinely engage with RTM’s editorial leadership, especially during election cycles, periods of national crisis, or when promoting high-level policy initiatives.

As of mid-2025, no formal statutory guarantees exist to safeguard the editorial independence of RTM. There is no independent oversight board or legally mandated mechanism to ensure that the broadcaster operates at arm’s length from the executive. Attempts to introduce such frameworks have surfaced intermittently during civil society consultations, but have not materialized into legislative reform.

July 2025

Media assets

News agency: Bernama

Television: Bernama TV

Radio: Bernama Radio

State Media Matrix Typology

State-Controlled (SC)

Ownership and governance

Although often described as semi-autonomous, BERNAMA operates under the purview of the Ministry of Communications and Digital, which exercises administrative oversight. The agency is governed by two key bodies: A Supervisory Council, consisting of five members appointed by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (Malaysia’s constitutional monarch), tasked with ensuring the agency operates within the parameters of its founding statute; and a Board of Governors, made up of seven appointees—also selected by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong—responsible for strategic decision-making and high-level oversight.

Nur-ul Afida Kamaludin is serving as the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of BERNAMA. She was formally appointed CEO in February 2024, after previously being the Editor-in-Chief and assuming CEO duties following her predecessor’s retirement.

Despite its formal designation as an autonomous statutory body, BERNAMA’s institutional framework embeds it firmly within the state apparatus.

Source of funding and budget

In 2022, the agency received a government allocation of MYR 68 million (approximately USD 15 million), as reported by the Ministry of Communications. BERNAMA supplements this with limited commercial revenue, primarily from advertising and content licensing. However, these earnings fall well short of the government’s annual subsidy. Importantly, the revenue it generates is not retained independently but is channelled through the Ministry—highlighting the absence of financial autonomy.

As of mid-2025, detailed figures for the 2024 and 2025 fiscal years have not been made public, but government statements indicate that funding levels remain broadly consistent, with additional support earmarked for digital transformation initiatives.

Editorial independence

BERNAMA’s editorial line is widely perceived to lean in favour of the government, a stance that has long drawn criticism from local journalists and civil society observers. Interviews conducted with Malaysian media experts in early 2024 and in May 2025 underscored the agency’s role as a primary content supplier for national media outlets, many of which routinely republish its reports with minimal modification.

The agency lacks any statutory safeguards for editorial independence, and no independent external mechanism currently exists to assess its content or newsroom practices. Although calls for reform have periodically surfaced—particularly during times of political transition—meaningful structural change has yet to materialize.

July 2025